Total Prostate Specific Antigen (TPSa)

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Total Prostate Specific Antigen (TPSa)

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Total Prostate Specific Antigen (TPSa)

Total Prostate Specific Antigen (TPSA) testing is used primarily to screen for issues concerning the prostate. PSA is a glycoprotein produced by prostatic acinar cells and epithelial lining of the prostatic ducts. It is specific to prostate and can be expressed by both normal and malignant cells.

PSA can be acutely and temporarily elevated due to acute bacterial prostatitis, urinary infection, acute urinary retention, after urological procedures such as catheterisation, cystoscopy, TURP or prostate biopsy. An increased PSA can also be a sign of prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin related cancer in Ireland, accounting for 28% of new cancers diagnosed, and 13% of cancer deaths in Irish males. Approx. 3,300 new cases are diagnosed each year, representing a 12% lifetime risk of developing prostate cancer.

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Clinical Details

The main risk factors for prostate cancer are age; 75% are diagnosed in the over 65 year old age group; family history and ethnicity also increase risk.

To obtain an optimal TPSA result, a patient should not have any active urinary tract infection, have had no ejaculation in the previous 48 hours and not had a prostate biopsy in the previous 6 weeks.

TPSA should not be used as a routine mass screening tool. All patients should be fully counselled prior to testing. For those who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer, TPSA can be used as part of surveillance for recurrence or to indicate the progression to metastatic disease.

Normal age-related PSA values as per Irish NCCP guidelines for prostate cancer (2019)

Under 50 years of age < 2ug/L

Age 50 – 59 years < 3ug/L

Age 60 – 69 years < 4ug/L

Age 70+ years <5 ug/L

Useful link

https://www.hse.ie/eng/about/who/cspd/ncps/pathology/resources/national-prostate-cancer-gp-referral-guideline.pdf

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At Enfer Medical, we have integrated a cutting-edge and fully automated WASPLab® (Walk Away Specimen Processor) that has significantly enhanced our testing capabilities to ensure the highest of quality when processing patient samples.

WASPLab® at Enfer Medical

Our entire microbiology workflow has been optimized using automation and highly sophisticated robots to ensure uninterrupted incubation for rapid bacterial growth and improved turnaround times for patients.

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Sample Type &

Volume Required

5mL venous serum

Enfer Medical

Tests/Assays

Enfer Medical offers chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) technology for the quantitative assay for TPSA. This test is CE-IVD certified.

Patient

Request Form

For clients using the Enfer Medical Client Portal, the Enfer Medical Patient Request Form (PRF) will be generated when you have completed your “Test Request” within the portal linked below.

Enfer Medical Portal

Please note that samples suspected of containing high risk pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis should be clearly identified on the form and packed separately from other samples.

24 hours

Results are available next working day.

7 Days a Week

This assay is available seven days a week.

Packaging

The packaging/preparation of samples for delivery to the laboratory are required to be in adherence to all national regulations for the safe transport of biological materials. HSE guidance can be reviewed HERE.
There are specific packaging instructions and labelling requirements requiring triple packaging including:

Primary leak-proof container – tube or vial containing the sample.
Secondary watertight container, with absorbent material, intended to protect the primary container.
Outer container protects the secondary container.
Patient Request forms must be placed between the secondary container and the outer shipping container.

Further information on the packaging/preparation of samples for delivery to the laboratory is contained within the Enfer Medical Laboratory User Manual which clients are provided with.

Storage & Stability

Specimens must be tested within 1 day of collection and stored at 2-8°C.

Transporting
Samples

In addition to the packaging of samples, the transport/delivery of clinical samples to the laboratory is required to be in adherence to all national regulations for the safe transport of biological materials. Enfer Medical provides a fully compliant logistics service, aligned with clients’ testing requirements.

Prompt transport of specimens:
To ensure prompt testing of samples and release of results within the published test turnaround times, samples should arrive to the laboratory by 18:00. Test turnaround time is measured from receipt of the sample at the laboratory until the time the authorised results are reported to users.

Acceptance/Rejection
of Samples

In rare cases specimens may not be suitable for testing on arrival to the laboratory. In that case the sample will be rejected at the receipt stage and the service user will be notified immediately and an explanation as to why the sample could not be processed will be provided. Reasons why samples cannot be processed include but are not limited to:

Samples received beyond the stability limits and/or not at the correct temperature indicated for each test.
Incorrect sample type received.
Leaking samples, sample not received or sample insufficient for analysis as stated below within sample requirements.
Non-compliant samples or request forms i.e. those missing sample date information, missing sample test request and/or missing sample site/type information.
Samples received without the necessary patient identifiers.

Clients will be provided with guidance on Sample Receipt Anomalies.

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Service

Health & Wellness

General health and wellness testing can include a variety of tests, depending on the needs of the individual or recommendations of

Find Out More

Service

Sexual Health

Regular STI screening facilitates early treatment and reduces the long-term consequences of infection.

Find Out More

Service

Respiratory Health

Rapid early pathogen identification has important treatment and infection control implications. See our range of tests here.

Find Out More

Service

Reproductive & Female Health

Hormonal analysis is hugely beneficial to identifying problems that can arise during the reproductive years.

Find Out More

Service

All Services

View the full suite of services at Enfer Medical here.......

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Result Values:

Quantitative results for PSA are reported in numeric value in ng/mL. Please contact us for more information on the reference ranges used at Enfer Medical.

Accessing

Your Results

Following receipt at the Laboratory, results should be available on the next working day and will be reported to the referring clinician via the Enfer Medical Client Portal or in a format agreed with clients.

Client Login

Established clients can login to the portal using the link above.